From: [b--o--h] at [mdd.comm.mot.com] (Greg Booth)
Newsgroups: talk.politics.guns
Subject: Gun Control around the world
Date: 3 Jan 1994 09:52:02 -0800


15.	Gun control around the World

o	How anyone knows how many people are killed in England with 
firearms is an interesting issue, because no-one compiles any 
comprehensive statistics related to armed murder in the United 
Kingdom. The English Home Office does compile some statistics 
relating to firearms homicides, but they exclude "politically 
motivated" killings, so these statistics are "cooked." As 
barely a day goes by without the provisional IRA or the Ulster 
Volunteer Force or the Welsh National Liberation Front or some 
other bunch of loonies killing someone, these figures are 
unreliable at best.

o	 However, even these figures show an increase in handgun 
related crimes between 1976 and 1988 on the order of 200%.The 
Scottish Home Office, which compiles more reliable figures, 
tabulated an increase of 27% in armed crime in Scotland in 
1990 alone. The most interesting part of all this is that the 
largest increases in armed crime in the UK occurred after the 
enactment of the 1988 Firearm Act, which banned the possession 
of all centrefire semi-auto and pump action rifles, and most 
semi-auto and pump action shotguns. As the number of these 
guns, turned in to the police, were tiny in comparison to the 
numbers in circulation, it is a fair bet that many of them 
found their way in to the hands of criminals

o	Switzerland is a country with an assault weapon and ammunition 
in almost every home, yet there is very little crime. 

o	Japan has a total ban on civilian firearm ownership, yet in 
Sept-Oct 1990 in Okinawa prefecture, there were 28 shootings, 
resulting in the deaths of several police officers as reported 
in November 1990, Japan Today, CBC Newsworld.

o	Holland has probable the strictest gun controls on the 
continent while Switzerland on the other hand legislates the 
obligation of every male citizen to accept the issued 
selective fire battle rifle, and a sufficient quantity of 
ammunition and keep it at home. Practise with the rifle is 
required at the local rifle range. Officers and NCO's must in 
addition accept and practise with the service issue semi 
automatic pistol. Crime rates in Holland are very much higher 
than Switzerland including murder, rape, and armed robbery

o		Stated by Chief Inspector Colins Greenwood, West 
Yorkshire Constabulary, Police Review, Britain after six 
months of study of firearms control systems at Cambridge 
University: "At first glance, it may seem odd or even perverse 
to suggest that statutory controls on the private ownership 
of firearms are irrelevant to the problem of armed crime: yet 
that is precisely what the evidence shows. Armed crime and 
violent crime generally are products of ethnic and social 
factors unrelated to the availability of a particular type of 
weapon. The number of firearms required to satisfy the crime 
market is minute, and these are supplied no matter what 
controls are instituted. Controls have had serious effect on 
legitimate users of firearms, but there is no case, either in 
the history of this country (Britain) or in the experience of 
other countries in which controls can be shown to have 
restricted the flow of weapons to criminals, or in any way 
reduce crime."

o		Following tables are from the study conducted by 
the Pacific Research Institute. They can be contacted at Dept. 
GAH, 177 Post St., San Francisco, CA 94108.

o	

o	Country	Percentage Of Households With Guns	Homicide 

o	England/Wales *		 4.70		0.67 

o	France			24.70		1.00 

o	Norway			31.20		1.16 

o	Switzerland		32.60		1.17 

o	Netherlands	 	2.00		1.18 

o	W. Germany		9.20		1.48 

o	Belgium			16.80		1.85 

o	Australia		20.10		1.95 

o	Canada			30.80		2.60 

o	Finland			25.5		2.86 

o	United States		48.90		7.59 		

o	Rates are per 100,000 population. 		

* Homicide rate does not 
include "political" murders. 		

Based on figures from two 
different sources: Swiss Criminologist 	Killias, average 
murder rates for the years of 1983 - 1986. France data 		
derived from World Health Organization information 1980.

o		Consider the above table: The only support for the 
anti- gun argument is that the lowest murder rate is for 
England where only 4.7 percent of the households have guns. 
But this can not be attributed to low gun ownership since the 
french murder rate is only slightly higher. However, the rate 
of French gun ownership is more than five times greater than 
in England. Note: The real English murder rate might actually 
be as high or higher than the French. The English artificially 
reduce their murder rate by excluding "political" murder, 
(example: assassinations by the IRA), whereas French and 
American rates include all types of murder. This brings up a 
further issue, If firearm bans reduce murder why is 
"political" murder so much more common in Europe than in the 
United States or Canada? 	Further review of the above table 
shows the English correlation between low gun ownership and 
low murder is mere coincidence rather than a general rule. The 
country with the lowest gun ownership is not England but the 
Netherlands where only two percent of the households have 
guns. Yet the Netherlands has more murder than most other 
European countries, including those with rates of gun 
ownership much higher, as much as 12 to 16 times higher in the 
cases of France, Switzerland, and Norway. Those countries 
happen to be three of the highest European countries in 
household gun ownership, yet they are also three of the four 
European countries with the lowest murder rate.

o		Compare the murder rates for the Netherlands, 
Switzerland, and Norway. They are nearly identical. Yet 
Switzerland and Norway have 15 to 16 times more gun ownership 
than the Netherlands. Now compare Canada and Finland. Both of 
these countries have rates of gun ownership that are almost 
as high as Norway or Switzerland, but their murder rates are 
more than twice that of the Netherlands, Norway, or 
Switzerland. When the full range of comparisons are made, no 
pattern of correlation appears between high gun ownership 
rates and high murder rates.

o		The point of these studies is not that more gun 
ownership causes more or less murder, but that it has no 
effect on either. The kind of people who will murder, commit 
armed robbery, rape, etc are going to to do so with or without 
guns. The argument that guns are necessary or useful for 
murder, does not apply to legal gun ownership. There are 
always going to be enough illegal guns on the market to 
satisfy a criminals needs.

o			Since the Firearm Control Act was brought in 
1978, the number of assaults with firearms in Toronto has 
quadrupled.

o		The anti gun movement is always quoting the crime 
statistics of England, saying that because England has 
extremely strict gun control they have less crime. How anyone 
knows how many people are killed in England with firearms is 
an interesting issue, because no-one compiles any 
comprehensive statistics related to armed murder in the United 
Kingdom. The English Home Office does compile some statistics 
relating to firearms, homicides, but they exclude 
"politically motivated" killings, so these statistics are 
cooked. As barely a day goes by without the provisional IRA 
or the Ulster Volunteer Force or the Welsh National Liberation 
Front or some bunch of loonies killing someone, these figures 
are unreliable at best.

o		However, even these figures show an increase in 
handgun related crimes between 1976 and 1988 on the order of 
200%. The Scottish home office, which complies more reliable 
figures, tabulated an increase of 27% in armed crime in 
Scotland in 1990 alone. The most interesting part of all this 
is that the largest increases in armed crime in the UK 
occurred after the enactment of the 1988 Firearm Act, which 
banned the possession of all center fire semi auto and pump 
action rifles and most semi auto and pump action shotguns. As 
the number of these guns, turned in to the police were small 
in comparison to the number in circulation it is fair to 
assume that many of them found there way into the hands of 
criminals. 

o	

-- 
Greg Booth BSc                          />_________________________________
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